Terms
Introduction and Chapter 13
Western Civilization 102
Spielvogel

contributions of civilizations
Hebrews
monotheism
polytheism
Greeks
polis
Classical Age of Greece
Romans
Roman Empire
Latin
Christianity
Roman Catholicism
Middle Ages
Carolingian Empire
fiefs
Black Death
Renaissance
Reformation
Thomas More
Desiderius Erasmus
Utopia
Christian humanism
printing press
informed opinions
clerical immorality
clerical ignorance
clerical pluralism
Martin Luther
indulgences
John Tetzel
Ninety-Five Theses
Diet of Worms
Ulrich Zwingli
Switzerland
Protestantism
Peasants’ War
priesthood of the believer
baptism
penance
Lord’s Supper
transubstantiation
Charles V (Holy Roman Empire)
Peace of Augsburg
Anabaptists
separation of church and state
Mennonites and Amish
Henry VIII
Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boleyn

Reformation in England
Act in Restraint of Appeals
Act for the Submission of the Clergy
Supremacy Act
Church of England
(Anglican Church)
Jane Seymoure
Edward VI
Book of Common Prayer
Mary Tudor
“bloody Mary”
John Calvin
Calvinism
predestination
The Institutes of the Christian Religion
William Tyndale
Presbyterian Church of Scotland
John Knox
Book of Common Order
Catholic Reformation
Counter-reformation
Clement VII
Pope Paul III
Council of Trent
Hardwicke Act of 1753
Ursuline Order of Nuns
Society of Jesus
Jesuits
power struggles during the Reformation
Spain and France
Valois family
Habsburgs
Huguenots
Bourbons of France
Guise family
St. Bartholomew’s Days Massacre
French Wars of Religion
Henry of Navarre
War of the Three Henries
Edict of Nantes
Philip II of Spain
Netherlands
Spanish Netherlands
William of Orange
Dutch Republic
Queen Elizabeth of England
Puritans
Elizabethan Settlement
Spanish Armada

Terms
Chapter 14
Western Civilization 102
Spielvogel

Age of Discovery
Vikings
Eric the Red, Leif Ericson
L’Anse aux Meadows
Why Europeans explored
   new lands
   material profit
   Christianize
innovations that enabled exploration
   cannon
   caravel
   magnetic compass
   astrolabe
   wind knowledge
   maps/sea charts
cartography
Gerardus Mercator
Mercatur projection
Portuguese
Prince Henry the Navigator
Africa
India
Bartholomew Diaz
Cape of Good Hope 
Vasco da Gama
Brazil
Spice Islands
Portuguese maritime supremacy
   weaponry
   maritime expertise
Spain
Christopher Columbus
Isabella Ferdinand
Santa Maria, Niña, Pinta
John Cabot/England
Amerigo Vespucci
New World
America
conquistadors
Treaty of Tordesillas
Ferdinand Magellan
Cape Horn
Hernando Cortés
Mesoamerica
Maya
Aztecs
Tenochtitlán
Mexico City
Montezuma
Inca
Peru
Golden Century of Spain
viceroy
viceroyalties
encomienda
Latin America
horses
Catholic missionaries
Jesuits
Africa, Asia, America
Dutch East India Company
Cape of Good Hope
Boers
sugar cane
triangular trade route
slavery
Middle Passage
Mughal Empire
East India Company
Sir Henry Clive
China
Ming Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
Japan
Jamestown, 1607
New Netherlands, 1614
St. Augustine, 1565
Columbian Exchange
potatoes
price revolution
Mediterranean
Low Countries
Baltic region
joint-stock company
Bank of Amsterdam
mercantilism
Fugger
Voltaire

Terms
Chapter 15
Western Civilization 102
Spielvogel

monarchy
absolutism
witchcraft
witch hunts
misogyny
Thirty Years’ War
Habsburg Family
Peace of Westphalia, 1648
Hohenzollerns
France
Huguenots
Edict of Nantes
Henry IV
Cardinal Richelieu
King Louis XIII
La Rochelle
Louis XIV
Cardinal Jules Mazarin
Fronde
absolute monarchy
mercantilism
Sun King
Versailles
French classicism
Nicholas Poussin
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
French navy
Louisiana
Quebec
Prussia
Electors of Brandenburg
Frederick William
the Great Elector
Austria
Russia
Ivan the Terrible (1533-1584)
autocrat
Time of Troubles
Romanov Dynasty
Michael Romanov
Peter the Great
westernization of Russia
St. Petersburg
Table of Ranks
Great Northern War
Baltic Sea
Northern States
Ottoman Empire
Janissaries
Polish region
Dutch Republic
United Provinces of the Netherlands
Amsterdam
England
constitutional monarchy
King James I
divine right of kings
Puritans
Anglican Church
gentry
Charles I
English Civil War
Oliver Cromwell
New Model Army
republican government in England
Charles II
James II
William and Mary
English Revolution
Glorious Revolution
cabinet system
John Locke
Bill of Rights
Thomas Hobbes
mannerism
El Greco
Baroque
Peter Paul Reubens
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Dutch Realism
Judith Leyster
Rembrandt van Rijn
William Shakespeare

KING LOUIS XIV’S WARS
War of Devolution (1667-1668)
Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle
Dutch War (1672-1678)
Treaty of Nijmegen
War of the League of Augsburg (1688-1697)
Peace of Rijswijk
War of Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
Peace of Utrecht
It was with this war that France no longer dominated European politics.  France also lost territory in North America, present-day Canada.

Terms
Chapter 16
Western Civilization 102
Spielvogel

Ptolemaic view
geocentric conception
science
Scientific Revolution
Leonardo da Vinci
divine proportion
Vitruvian Man
Nicholaus Copernicus
Copernican hypothesis
heliocentrism
Tycho Brahe
Johannes Kepler
his three laws of planetary motion
1.	 Orbits of the planets around the sun are elliptical rather than circular.
2.	Planets do not move at a uniform speed in their orbits.
3.	The time a planet takes to make its complete orbit is precisely related to its distance from the sun.
Galileo Galilei
experimental method
gravity
laws of inertia
1.	 Rest was not the natural state of objects.
2.	Objects continue in motion forever unless stopped by some external force.
telescope
Isaac Newton
Principia Mathematica
laws of gravity
1.	 In the absence of force, motion continues in a straight line.
2.	The rate of change in the motion of an object is a result of the forces acting on it.
3.	The action and reaction between two objects are equal and opposite.
alchemy
Newton’s world machine
Andreas Vesalius
Paracelsus
William Harvey
chemistry
Robert Boyle
Antoine Lavoisier
Margaret Cavendish
querrelles des femmes
Sir Francis Bacon 
Rene Descartes
Cartesian dualism
scientific method
empiricism
Benedict de Spinoza
Blaise Pascal
(English) Royal Society